PHP高级编程示例项目
<?phpnamespace App\Controllers;use App\Models\User;use Exception;class UserController { private $userModel; public function __construct() { $this->userModel = new User(); } // 获取所有用户 public function index() { try { $users = $this->userModel->getAllUsers(); return $this->jsonResponse(['status' => 'success', 'data' => $users]); } catch (Exception $e) { return $this->jsonResponse(['status' => 'error', 'message' => $e->getMessage()], 500); } } // 创建新用户 public function create($data) { try { // 数据验证 if (!$this->validateUserData($data)) { return $this->jsonResponse(['status' => 'error', 'message' => 'Invalid user data'], 400); } $userId = $this->userModel->createUser($data); return $this->jsonResponse(['status' => 'success', 'user_id' => $userId], 201); } catch (Exception $e) { return $this->jsonResponse(['status' => 'error', 'message' => $e->getMessage()], 500); } } // 获取单个用户 public function show($id) { try { $user = $this->userModel->getUserById($id); if (!$user) { return $this->jsonResponse(['status' => 'error', 'message' => 'User not found'], 404); } return $this->jsonResponse(['status' => 'success', 'data' => $user]); } catch (Exception $e) { return $this->jsonResponse(['status' => 'error', 'message' => $e->getMessage()], 500); } } // 更新用户 public function update($id, $data) { try { if (!$this->userModel->getUserById($id)) { return $this->jsonResponse(['status' => 'error', 'message' => 'User not found'], 404); } if (!$this->validateUserData($data)) { return $this->jsonResponse(['status' => 'error', 'message' => 'Invalid user data'], 400); } $result = $this->userModel->updateUser($id, $data); return $this->jsonResponse(['status' => 'success', 'message' => 'User updated']); } catch (Exception $e) { return $this->jsonResponse(['status' => 'error', 'message' => $e->getMessage()], 500); } } // 删除用户 public function delete($id) { try { if (!$this->userModel->getUserById($id)) { return $this->jsonResponse(['status' => 'error', 'message' => 'User not found'], 404); } $this->userModel->deleteUser($id); return $this->jsonResponse(['status' => 'success', 'message' => 'User deleted']); } catch (Exception $e) { return $this->jsonResponse(['status' => 'error', 'message' => $e->getMessage()], 500); } } // 数据验证 private function validateUserData($data) { return isset($data['name']) && isset($data['email']) && filter_var($data['email'], FILTER_VALIDATE_EMAIL); } // JSON响应 private function jsonResponse($data, $statusCode = 200) { http_response_code($statusCode); header('Content-Type: application/json'); return json_encode($data); }}<?phpnamespace App\Models;use PDO;use Exception;class User { private $pdo; public function __construct() { $host = 'localhost'; $dbname = 'test_db'; $username = 'root'; $password = ''; try { $this->pdo = new PDO("mysql:host=$host;dbname=$dbname;charset=utf8", $username, $password); $this->pdo->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE, PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION); } catch (Exception $e) { throw new Exception("Database connection failed: " . $e->getMessage()); } } // 获取所有用户 public function getAllUsers() { $stmt = $this->pdo->query("SELECT * FROM users"); return $stmt->fetchAll(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC); } // 根据ID获取用户 public function getUserById($id) { $stmt = $this->pdo->prepare("SELECT * FROM users WHERE id = ?"); $stmt->execute([$id]); return $stmt->fetch(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC); } // 创建用户 public function createUser($data) { $stmt = $this->pdo->prepare("INSERT INTO users (name, email, created_at) VALUES (?, ?, NOW())"); $stmt->execute([$data['name'], $data['email']]); return $this->pdo->lastInsertId(); } // 更新用户 public function updateUser($id, $data) { $stmt = $this->pdo->prepare("UPDATE users SET name = ?, email = ? WHERE id = ?"); return $stmt->execute([$data['name'], $data['email'], $id]); } // 删除用户 public function deleteUser($id) { $stmt = $this->pdo->prepare("DELETE FROM users WHERE id = ?"); return $stmt->execute([$id]); }}<?phpnamespace App\Core;use PDO;use PDOException;class Database { private static $instance = null; private $pdo; private function __construct() { $host = 'localhost'; $dbname = 'test_db'; $username = 'root'; $password = ''; $options = [ PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE => PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION, PDO::ATTR_DEFAULT_FETCH_MODE => PDO::FETCH_ASSOC, PDO::ATTR_EMULATE_PREPARES => false, ]; try { $this->pdo = new PDO("mysql:host=$host;dbname=$dbname;charset=utf8", $username, $password, $options); } catch (PDOException $e) { throw new PDOException($e->getMessage(), (int)$e->getCode()); } } // 获取单例实例 public static function getInstance() { if (self::$instance === null) { self::$instance = new self(); } return self::$instance; } // 获取PDO连接 public function getConnection() { return $this->pdo; } // 防止克隆 private function __clone() {} // 防止反序列化 public function __wakeup() { throw new Exception("Cannot unserialize singleton"); }}<?phpnamespace App\Core;class Router { private $routes = []; // 添加GET路由 public function get($path, $callback) { $this->routes['GET'][$path] = $callback; return $this; } // 添加POST路由 public function post($path, $callback) { $this->routes['POST'][$path] = $callback; return $this; } // 添加PUT路由 public function put($path, $callback) { $this->routes['PUT'][$path] = $callback; return $this; } // 添加DELETE路由 public function delete($path, $callback) { $this->routes['DELETE'][$path] = $callback; return $this; } // 解析请求并执行对应路由 public function resolve($requestUri, $requestMethod) { // 移除查询参数 $path = parse_url($requestUri, PHP_URL_PATH); // 查找匹配的路由 if (isset($this->routes[$requestMethod][$path])) { $callback = $this->routes[$requestMethod][$path]; // 如果是控制器方法 if (is_string($callback)) { // 分割控制器和方法 list($controller, $method) = explode('@', $callback); $controller = "App\\Controllers\\" . $controller; $controllerInstance = new $controller(); return call_user_func([$controllerInstance, $method]); } // 如果是闭包函数 if (is_callable($callback)) { return call_user_func($callback); } } // 未找到路由 http_response_code(404); return json_encode(['status' => 'error', 'message' => 'Route not found']); }}<?php// 自动加载spl_autoload_register(function ($class) { $file = str_replace('\\', DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR, $class) . '.php'; if (file_exists($file)) { require_once $file; }});use App\Core\Router;use App\Controllers\UserController;// 创建路由实例$router = new Router();// 定义路由$router->get('/', function() { return json_encode(['message' => 'Welcome to PHP Advanced Programming Example']);});$router->get('/users', 'UserController@index');$router->get('/users/{id}', 'UserController@show');$router->post('/users', 'UserController@create');$router->put('/users/{id}', 'UserController@update');$router->delete('/users/{id}', 'UserController@delete');// 解析请求echo $router->resolve($_SERVER['REQUEST_URI'], $_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD']);{ "name": "php-advanced-programming-example", "description": "PHP高级编程示例项目", "type": "project", "require": { "php": ">=7.4" }, "autoload": { "psr-4": { "App\\": "./" } }}这个PHP高级编程示例项目展示了以下核心概念和特性：
面向对象编程：使用命名空间、类和对象实现清晰的代码结构
设计模式：
单例模式（Database类）
MVC架构模式（控制器、模型分离）
数据库操作：使用PDO进行安全的数据库交互，包含预处理语句防止SQL注入
RESTful API设计：实现完整的CRUD操作（创建、读取、更新、删除）
错误处理：使用异常处理机制确保程序稳定性
路由系统：自定义路由解析器支持HTTP方法和路径匹配
自动加载：PSR-4标准的自动加载机制
JSON响应：标准化API响应格式
数据验证：基本的输入数据验证机制
依赖管理：Composer配置文件管理项目依赖
项目结构清晰，遵循现代PHP开发最佳实践。